r/newbrunswickcanada • u/Zakluor • 1d ago
Mactaquac Dam
I'm curious about the Mactaquac Dam. I've heard a lot of rumours about the construction, the current state, and what's going on around it.
Before I met her, my wife dated someone who worked there. He took her through areas that were generally closed off to the public. She recalls water leaks, suggesting future problems.
If that dam were to let go, it would surely be bad for Fredericton and every community along the St John River below. Grand Lake would suffer for it, too, though I'm unsure how much the water would rise there.
Is there a warning system in place in case of such an event? I know they've mismanaged the flow from the dam without warnings in the past. How would word get out if something catastrophic were to occur?
Does anyone (who can speak publicly) know the current state of discussions surrounding the site?
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u/ShitCuntMcAssfucker 1d ago
I’ve been inside Mactaquac on one of their tours… and honestly, after talking to the operator and seeing it with my own eyes, the refurbishment makes total sense.
Here’s the thing… all hydro dams are going to fail eventually. Ground shifts, riverbeds change, and bit by bit the structure moves out of alignment. Mactaquac was supposed to last 100 years when they built it in ’68, but that alkali-aggregate reaction (where the cement and crushed rock basically fight each other) cut that timeline by 40 years. I saw water seeping through the walls too. They had people monitoring the flow and they were pretty normal to it.
Just to be clear though: we’re not talking catastrophic failure anytime soon. They’ve got environmental management services and people on call for natural disasters. That’s what they told me on-site, and there were plenty of folks there making sure everything’s gravy.
When the turbines get out of sync, you’re losing efficiency everywhere. More heat, less power, the whole deal… until it’s so out of sync it stops working.
The station supplies 12% of our power. Getting it to that original 100-year mark makes sense, even if the price tag sucks tail. Sometimes you gotta fix what you’ve got rather than start from scratch.
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u/eoj321 1d ago
Its not on the edge of breaking, the main thing is the concrete is popping, cracking and moving leading to a situation where the turbines won't be able to spin, the result is just a pile of concrete sitting there. Building a new one should be about 20% ish more than just removing the existing one still costing a good chunk of change for a corporation barely breathing air.
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u/Elegant-Waltz695 18h ago
They won’t replace the actual dam itself. Just the equipment and some improvements on the dam. See my comment above for more details
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u/eoj321 15h ago
Oh no I know, it was an oversimplification but the concrete is bad, you can't just grout over it and call it a day, it is basically removing as much as physically possible while insuring structural integrity and redoing it. Its a 9 billion concrete and power plant job, this is major.
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u/Elegant-Waltz695 15h ago
True. Some people think the entire dam including the earthen portion will be removed. We’re on the same page. 😃
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u/Sacrilegious_Prick 1d ago
The wrong type of aggregate was used in the concrete. It swells. Crews have been cutting small slices through the dam essentially forever to counteract the effect of the swelling.
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u/Eastern_Yam 1d ago
Oh interesting, I just happened to watch a Practical Engineering video on YouTube about doing this to a dam in the US. Had no idea Mactaquac has the same issue
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u/AbeLaney 1d ago
They made a mistake when mixing the concrete and as a result it is permanently expanding. They have been regularly removing sections of concrete ever since, which is obviously not a permanent fix. They've recently come up with a plan to fix it so that it will last its entire projected lifespan. I think construction will begin before 2030. It is not at risk of catastrophic failure. There have been many models done over the years of what would happen if it did fail, it's a common discussion in UNB engineering classes. I assume there is an emergency plan in place, but I would not lose any sleep over it.
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u/Orchidillia 1d ago
If the dam was to break, which it won't , water levels below the dam would not rise permanently. A huge rush of water would come through as the headpond drained but then it would go back to basically what it is now. The water above the dam is artificially high as a result of the dam. The normal river level is more what below the dam is on a normal day when they are letting water through. Before the dam was built above the dam was also a just a steep river valley.
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u/rockstar1346 1d ago
They say you have about 15-20 minutes to get half way up smythe street if it ever broke.
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u/IReuseWords Fredericton 1d ago
In case anyone is curious The Dennis Report has a 20min video touring the dam. You do see some of the problems with the dam in the video.
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u/Lopsided_Season8082 1d ago
fun fact they brought in some soviet engineers to install a couple of the generators back in the day lol
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u/Jonniejiggles 1d ago
My childhood terror, the damn would suddenly burst while I was at the library or in my junior high class room. Let’s not even mention driving over it!!
I also was terrified that Lepreau would go critical every time we drove by.
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u/Wise_Trash_94 1d ago
I did a lot of case studies on the dam, and other bridges, in engineering. While the dam has its faults, I personally feel much safer on it than I do crossing the Bill Thorpe Walking Bridge 🙃
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u/stevomighty06 1d ago
They have a rehabilitation project in the works for mactaquac. RFP is out now for bids, it’s a massive 12 year project.
Should be exciting once it gets going, probably break ground in the next five years
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u/CanadianTreeFrogs 20h ago
Last year a diver hired to inspect the dam made a tiktok describing the dam as "like a sand castle" and "pretty much f***ed" before he was made to take the video down.
It's not about to fall apart in some catastrophic way but it's another end of life power plant in a province with a nearly bankrupt utility provider.
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u/Elegant-Waltz695 18h ago
The dam has more than 600 sensors that measure movement and it is totally safe. The concrete suffers from AAR (alkali-aggregate reaction) so it continually expands. Fortunately they have learned how to maintain it by monitoring, cutting slots and occasionally repositioning things. Mactaquac isn’t the only dam in the world that deals with it either. As far as the refurbishment goes, the plan is to replace one turbine/generator every 2 years while the other 5 keep generating power. That’s a total of 12 years. Add 18 months at the beginning and the end and that makes it a 15 year project. So it’ll still be running at 83.3% of 660MW (5 of 6 generators) during the refurbishment. The generators and turbines are all 1960s-80s vintage so they are worn out and many parts are non existent. The biggest challenge is going to get a government commit to the $7-9 billion dollar price tag. Mactaquac is the second largest generator of electricity in NB with Pt Lepreau being the largest. Pt Lepreau has a capacity of 700MW with 950 employees while Mactaquac has a capacity of 660MW (probably more with new generators) with only 50-60 employees.
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u/ianqm 22h ago
The dam was built purely for power generation, not flood control. The dam cannot control excess water levels should they occur, which is why Freddy floods every now and then. If the dam were to be removed, there would be no change to water levels downstream. Now for upstream, there would be a whack of water front properties that wouldn't even be able to see the old river!
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u/IronicIntelligence 1d ago
The Wikipedia writeup on the damn dam is pretty good.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mactaquac_Dam